This six weeks our focus is on ENERGY! Last week we began our study learning about the five different types of energy. Below are some of the basic concepts discussed along with examples.
Mechanical Energy- Mechanical energy is the most familiar form of energy. It is the energy a
substance or system has because of its motion. Every moving object has
mechanical energy, whether it is a hammer driving a nail, a leaf falling from a
tree, or a rocket flying in space. Mechanical energy pulls, pushes, twists,
turns and throws. Machines use mechanical energy to do work. Our bodies also use mechanical
energy to perform motions such as throwing a ball or moving a pencil to write on
paper.
Example: Raising a flag up a flag pole
Sound Energy- Sound is the movement of energy through substances in longitudinal
(compression/rarefaction) waves. Sound is produced when a force causes
an object or substance to vibrate — the energy is transferred through the
substance in a wave. Typically, the energy in sound is far less than other forms
of energy.
Let's see this illustration.
A vibrating drum in a disco transfers energy to the room
as sound. Kinetic energy from the moving air molecules transfers the sound
energy to the dancers eardrums. Notice that Kinetic (movement) energy in the
sticks is being transferred into sound energy.
Sound vibrations create
sound waves which move through mediums such as
air and water before reaching
our ears.
Example: The sound caused by the vibrations of the strings on a guitar.
Electrical Energy- A battery
transfers stored chemical energy as charged particles called electrons,
typically moving through a wire. For example, electrical energy is transferred
to the surroundings by the lamp as light energy and thermal (heat)
energy.
Lightning is one good example of electrical energy in nature, so
powerful that it is not confined to a wire. Thunderclouds build up large amounts
of electrical energy. This is called static electricity. They are released
during lightning when the clouds strike against each other.
Light Energy- Light energy is the only visible form of energy. Light energy is the energy
produced or given off directly from the sun causing the growth of plants and the
existence of most life forms.
Example: Light from the sun, a fire or candle
Thermal/Heat Energy- Thermal energy is
what we call energy that comes from heat. For example, a cup of hot tea has
thermal energy in the form of kinetic energy from its' particles. When you pour
some milk into your tea, some of this energy is transferred to the particles in
cold milk. What happens next? The cup of tea is cooler because it lost thermal
energy to the milk.
Example: Heat from the sun or a fire
Some of the information was taken from the websites: www.eschooltoday.com and www.energyeducation.tx.gov